/* ==========================================================================
   ARTICLE PAGE STYLING (3-COLUMN SYSTEM)
   ========================================================================== */

/* Layout & Grid Configuration */
.article-main-container {
  margin-top: 100px;
  padding-bottom: 80px;
  position: relative;
}

.article-header {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0 0 auto 0;
  z-index: 400;
  background: var(--surface);
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  height: 70px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.back-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text);
  transition: transform var(--transition), color var(--transition);
}

.back-link:hover {
  transform: translateX(-4px);
  color: var(--accent);
}

body.dark_theme .back-link:hover {
  color: var(--primary);
}

.progress-container {
  position: fixed;
  top: 70px;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 4px;
  background: transparent;
  z-index: 401;
}

.progress-bar {
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent), var(--primary));
  width: 0%;
  transition: width 80ms ease-out;
}

/* 2-Column Grid System & Container override */
.article-main-container .container {
  max-width: 1200px !important;
}

.article-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 200px 1fr;
  gap: 40px;
  align-items: start;
}

/* Sidebar Containers */
.left-sidebar,
.right-sidebar {
  position: sticky;
  top: 100px;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 120px);
  overflow-y: auto;
  padding-right: 8px;
}

/* Custom scrollbars for sidebars */
.left-sidebar::-webkit-scrollbar,
.right-sidebar::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 4px;
}
.left-sidebar::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb,
.right-sidebar::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: var(--border);
  border-radius: 99px;
}

/* Sidebar Clean Transparent Cards */
.sidebar-card {
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.sidebar-title {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.8px;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  padding-bottom: 6px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

/* Left Sidebar - Table of Contents style */
.toc-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 12px;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--border);
  padding-left: 2px;
  margin-left: 4px;
}

.toc-link {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  transition: color var(--transition), border-color var(--transition), padding-left var(--transition);
  display: block;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding-left: 14px;
  margin-left: -2px;
  border-left: 2px solid transparent;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.toc-link:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
  padding-left: 16px;
}

body.dark_theme .toc-link:hover {
  color: var(--primary);
}

.toc-link.active {
  color: var(--text);
  font-weight: 700;
  border-left-color: var(--primary);
  padding-left: 14px;
}

/* Right Sidebar - Meta & Sharing */
.meta-details {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 14px;
}

.meta-detail-item {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 4px;
}

.detail-label {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--muted);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.detail-value {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text);
}

.share-actions-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 10px;
}

.share-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: var(--surface);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all var(--transition);
  width: 100%;
}

.share-btn:hover {
  border-color: var(--primary);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.share-btn ion-icon {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.x-share:hover {
  background: rgba(29, 161, 242, 0.08);
  border-color: #1da1f2;
}

.linkedin-share:hover {
  background: rgba(10, 102, 194, 0.08);
  border-color: #0a66c2;
}

.copy-link-btn:hover {
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--primary) 12%, var(--surface));
}

  padding: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
  max-width: 100%; /* Take up all available space in the 2nd column */
  margin-inline: auto;
}

/* Set highly readable line measures for text blocks */
.article-body p,
.article-body ul,
.article-body ol,
.article-body blockquote,
.article-body h2,
.article-body h3,
.article-hero h1,
.article-hero .article-subtitle,
.article-hero .article-author-row {
  max-width: 760px;
}

/* Let interactive components use the full 960px width for maximum space */
.table-container,
.code-block,
.interactive-widget-container,
.traps-grid,
.author-bio-card,
.article-share-bottom,
.article-divider {
  max-width: 100%;
}

.article-hero {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding-bottom: 24px;
  margin-bottom: 35px;
}

.article-meta-tags {
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.article-tag {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  padding: 6px 14px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
}

.tag-primary {
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--primary) 12%, transparent);
  color: var(--accent);
}

body.dark_theme .tag-primary {
  color: var(--primary);
  background: rgba(249, 186, 26, 0.15);
}

.tag-accent {
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 12%, transparent);
  color: var(--accent);
}

.article-main-title {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 1.5rem + 2.5vw, 2.8rem);
  color: var(--text);
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.article-subtitle {
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 1rem + 0.2vw, 1.2rem);
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.article-author-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 15px;
}

.author-avatar-mini-container {
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 2px solid var(--primary);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.author-avatar-mini {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.author-meta-text {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2px;
}

.author-name-row,
.reading-stats-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.author-name {
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
}

.meta-dot {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
}

.publish-date,
.stat-item {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* Bottom Share Actions */
.article-share-bottom {
  margin-top: 50px;
  padding-top: 24px;
  border-top: 1px dashed var(--border);
}

.share-title {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--text);
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.share-buttons-row {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.share-btn-bottom {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 10px 18px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: var(--surface);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.share-btn-bottom:hover {
  border-color: var(--primary);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.share-btn-bottom ion-icon {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}

/* Headings & Sections */
.article-section {
  padding-top: 30px;
  margin-bottom: 45px;
}

.article-body h2 {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 1.1rem + 0.8vw, 1.8rem);
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  position: relative;
}

.article-body h2::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -1px;
  left: 0;
  width: 60px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--primary);
}

.article-body p {
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  margin-bottom: 22px;
  opacity: 0.92;
}

/* Callout Box */
.callout {
  display: flex;
  gap: 16px;
  padding: 22px;
  border-radius: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.callout-rule {
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 6%, var(--bg));
  border-left: 5px solid var(--accent);
}

body.dark_theme .callout-rule {
  background: rgba(227, 132, 69, 0.08);
}

.callout-tip {
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--primary) 8%, var(--bg));
  border-left: 5px solid var(--primary);
}

body.dark_theme .callout-tip {
  background: rgba(249, 186, 26, 0.08);
}

.callout-icon {
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

body.dark_theme .callout-tip .callout-icon {
  color: var(--primary);
}

.callout-content {
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text);
}

.callout-content strong {
  color: var(--text);
}

/* Styled Lists & Quotes */
.styled-list {
  margin-bottom: 25px;
  padding-left: 5px;
}

.styled-list li {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 24px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text);
}

.styled-list li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 10px;
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--primary);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px color-mix(in srgb, var(--primary) 20%, transparent);
}

.premium-quote {
  border-left: 4px solid var(--primary);
  padding: 10px 0 10px 24px;
  margin: 30px 0;
  font-style: italic;
}

.premium-quote p {
  font-size: 1.25rem !important;
  line-height: 1.6 !important;
  color: var(--text) !important;
  opacity: 0.95 !important;
  margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

/* Tables */
.table-container {
  overflow-x: auto;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.premium-table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  text-align: left;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.premium-table th,
.premium-table td {
  padding: 16px 20px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.premium-table th {
  background: var(--surface);
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text);
}

.premium-table tr:last-child td {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.premium-table tbody tr {
  transition: background var(--transition);
}

.premium-table tbody tr:hover {
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--surface) 25%, transparent);
}

.center {
  text-align: center;
}

.badge {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.badge-low {
  background: rgba(227, 132, 69, 0.12);
  color: var(--accent);
}

.badge-high {
  background: rgba(249, 186, 26, 0.15);
  color: var(--accent);
}

body.dark_theme .badge-high {
  color: var(--primary);
}

.bad-signal-header {
  color: #ea4335 !important;
}

.good-signal-header {
  color: #34a853 !important;
}

/* Interactive Widgets General */
.interactive-widget-container {
  margin: 35px 0;
  padding: 28px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 24px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  position: relative;
}

.interactive-widget-container h4 {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  color: var(--text);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  border: none !important;
}

.interactive-widget-container h4::after {
  display: none !important;
}

.interactive-widget-container h4 ion-icon {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
}

body.dark_theme .interactive-widget-container h4 ion-icon {
  color: var(--primary);
}

.widget-desc {
  font-size: 0.9rem !important;
  color: var(--muted) !important;
  line-height: 1.5 !important;
  margin-bottom: 20px !important;
}

/* 1. Storage Latency Simulator */
.latency-simulator {
  display: grid;
  gap: 20px;
}

.sim-buttons {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
}

.sim-btn {
  padding: 12px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--text);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: var(--bg);
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.sim-btn.active,
.sim-btn:hover {
  background: var(--primary);
  border-color: var(--primary);
  color: #111;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.sim-visualizer {
  background: #0f131a;
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 24px;
  height: 90px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}

.sim-track {
  position: absolute;
  left: 24px;
  right: 180px;
  height: 4px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  border-radius: 999px;
}

.sim-packet {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  width: 14px;
  height: 14px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--primary);
  box-shadow: 0 0 12px var(--primary);
  opacity: 0;
}

.sim-destination {
  margin-left: auto;
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: #fff;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border-radius: 10px;
}

.sim-metrics {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  background: var(--bg);
  padding: 12px 18px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.metric-item {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text);
}

.metric-item span {
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace;
  color: var(--accent);
}

body.dark_theme .metric-item span {
  color: var(--primary);
}

/* 2. Data Structures Explorer */
.structures-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.structure-card {
  padding: 16px;
  border-radius: 16px;
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  text-align: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.structure-card:hover,
.structure-card.active {
  background: var(--card);
  border-color: var(--primary);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.structure-card h5 {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  color: var(--text);
}

.ds-complexity {
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--accent);
}

body.dark_theme .ds-complexity {
  color: var(--primary);
}

.structure-details {
  background: var(--card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 20px;
  animation: fadeIn 0.3s ease;
}

.structure-details h4 {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  border: none !important;
}

.structure-details h4::after {
  display: none !important;
}

.structure-details p {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.struct-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
}

.struct-tag {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  color: var(--text);
}

/* 3. Query Pipeline comparison */
.pipeline-comparison {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.pipeline-column {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 18px;
  padding: 20px;
}

.pipeline-column h5 {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 1rem;
  margin-bottom: 15px;
  color: var(--text);
  text-align: center;
}

.pipe-steps {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 10px;
}

.pipe-step {
  padding: 10px 14px;
  background: var(--card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 10px;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--text);
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  position: relative;
}

.pipe-step.active {
  background: var(--primary);
  border-color: var(--primary);
  color: #111;
  transform: scale(1.02);
}

.center-btn {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}

/* 4. Threading Model Simulation */
.threading-sim-container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.threading-sim-column {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 18px;
  padding: 18px;
}

.threading-sim-column h5 {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  color: var(--text);
  text-align: center;
}

.thread-canvas {
  background: #0f131a;
  border-radius: 14px;
  height: 180px;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}

/* Event loop visual nodes */
.event-loop-node {
  position: absolute;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: 2px solid var(--primary);
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(249, 186, 26, 0.3);
  animation: spinLoop 2.4s linear infinite;
  left: 50%;
  top: 50%;
  margin-left: -22px;
  margin-top: -22px;
}

@keyframes spinLoop {
  0% { transform: rotate(0deg) translate(50px) rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg) translate(50px) rotate(-360deg); }
}

.thread-task {
  position: absolute;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
  border-radius: 8px;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(227, 132, 69, 0.4);
  transition: all 0.5s ease-out;
}

.lock-alert {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  background: #ea4335;
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  padding: 4px 8px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(234, 67, 53, 0.5);
  animation: flashAlert 0.4s infinite alternate;
}

@keyframes flashAlert {
  from { opacity: 0.4; }
  to { opacity: 1; }
}

/* 5. Persistence Configurator */
.persistence-config {
  display: grid;
  gap: 16px;
}

.persist-modes {
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
}

.persist-btn {
  flex: 1;
  padding: 10px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--text);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: var(--bg);
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.persist-btn.active,
.persist-btn:hover {
  background: var(--primary);
  border-color: var(--primary);
  color: #111;
}

.persist-details-card {
  background: var(--card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 20px;
  animation: fadeIn 0.3s ease;
}

.persist-details-card h4 {
  border: none !important;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.persist-details-card h4::after {
  display: none !important;
}

.persist-bars {
  display: grid;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.bar-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr 180px;
  gap: 12px;
  align-items: center;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.bar-val-track {
  height: 8px;
  background: var(--border);
  border-radius: 999px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.bar-val-fill {
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 999px;
  transition: width 0.4s ease;
}

.bar-val-fill.green { background: #34a853; }
.bar-val-fill.orange { background: #f9ba1a; }
.bar-val-fill.red { background: #ea4335; }

.bar-label {
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  text-align: right;
}

/* 6. Custom CSS Benchmark Chart */
.custom-chart {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-around;
  align-items: flex-end;
  height: 200px;
  padding: 20px 0;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.chart-bar-container {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  width: 80px;
}

.chart-bar {
  width: 44px;
  border-top-left-radius: 8px;
  border-top-right-radius: 8px;
  position: relative;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, filter 0.3s ease;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}

.chart-bar:hover {
  transform: scaleY(1.04);
  filter: brightness(1.05);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.bar-redis {
  background: linear-gradient(0deg, #ea4335, #ff6b6b);
}

.bar-pg {
  background: linear-gradient(0deg, #336791, #4f92ca);
}

.bar-mysql {
  background: linear-gradient(0deg, #00758f, #00adcf);
}

.chart-value {
  position: absolute;
  top: -26px;
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text);
}

.chart-name {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-top: 10px;
  text-align: center;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.chart-caption {
  font-size: 0.78rem !important;
  color: var(--muted) !important;
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

/* Code Blocks */
.code-block {
  background: #0f131a;
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 18px;
  overflow-x: auto;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.code-block code {
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: #c9d1d9;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* Traps to avoid */
.traps-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 18px;
  margin: 25px 0;
}

.trap-card {
  padding: 24px;
  border-radius: 24px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: rgba(234, 67, 53, 0.03);
  transition: transform var(--transition);
}

body.dark_theme .trap-card {
  background: rgba(234, 67, 53, 0.05);
}

.trap-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-color: rgba(234, 67, 53, 0.3);
}

.trap-icon {
  font-size: 2.2rem;
  color: #ea4335;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  line-height: 1;
}

.trap-card h4 {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.trap-card p {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Final Rule Box */
.callout-final {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 15%, var(--bg)), color-mix(in srgb, var(--primary) 15%, var(--bg)));
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding: 30px;
  border-radius: 24px;
  text-align: center;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 15px;
}

.callout-final .callout-icon {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  color: var(--accent);
}

body.dark_theme .callout-final .callout-icon {
  color: var(--primary);
}

.callout-final h3 {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.final-rule-text {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 1.3rem !important;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.5 !important;
  color: var(--text);
  opacity: 1 !important;
  margin-bottom: 15px !important;
}

/* Article biography card */
.article-divider {
  border: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  margin: 50px 0 40px 0;
}

.author-bio-card {
  display: flex;
  gap: 24px;
  padding: 30px;
  border-radius: 24px;
  background: var(--card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  margin-top: 40px;
  align-items: center;
}

.author-avatar-container {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 3px solid var(--primary);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.author-avatar {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.author-bio-info h3 {
  font-family: var(--ff-poppins);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.author-bio-info p {
  font-size: 0.95rem !important;
  line-height: 1.6 !important;
  color: var(--muted) !important;
  margin-bottom: 16px !important;
  opacity: 0.9 !important;
}

.author-social-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 16px;
}

.author-social-links a {
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  color: var(--text);
  transition: color var(--transition), transform var(--transition);
}

.author-social-links a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

body.dark_theme .author-social-links a:hover {
  color: var(--primary);
}

/* Go to Top Button */
.go-top {
  position: fixed;
  bottom: 24px;
  right: 24px;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  color: var(--text);
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: transform 160ms ease, opacity var(--transition), background var(--transition);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  z-index: 399;
}

.go-top.active {
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
}

.go-top:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  background: var(--primary);
  border-color: var(--primary);
  color: #111;
}

.go-top ion-icon {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   ANIMATIONS & RESPONSIVE DESIGN
   ========================================================================== */

@keyframes fadeIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(4px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

/* Responsive Styles */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .article-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 180px 1fr;
    gap: 24px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .article-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 30px;
  }
  
  .left-sidebar {
    display: none; /* Hide TOC on mobile */
  }
  
  .article-body {
    padding: 0 10px;
  }
  
  .sim-buttons {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
  
  .structures-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  }
  
  .pipeline-comparison {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  
  .threading-sim-container {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  
  .persist-modes {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
  
  .bar-row {
    grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr 100px;
  }
  
  .traps-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  
  .author-bio-card {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 24px;
  }
  
  .author-avatar-container {
    margin-inline: auto;
  }
  
  .author-social-links {
    justify-content: center;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .structures-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
  
  .bar-row {
    grid-template-columns: 80px 1fr;
  }
  
  .bar-label {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    text-align: left;
    margin-top: -4px;
    margin-left: 92px;
  }
}